Societies that depend on hunting wild animals and gathering uncultivated plants for survival.

• A. Hunter Gatherer
• B. Pastoral societies
• C. Preindustrial societies
• D. Subcultures

Answer: (A)

Hunter-gatherer societies obtain food by hunting wild animals and gathering uncultivated plants, rather than farming or domesticating animals. This subsistence pattern shapes how the group lives: they are typically mobile or semi-nomadic, rely on a broad knowledge of the local environment, and tend to have small, kin-based, relatively egalitarian communities because food supply can be unpredictable. This helps explain why the description best matches hunter-gatherer societies.

Pastoral groups rely on domesticated animals, not wild resources. Preindustrial is a broad category that includes many different ways of living, not specifically tied to hunting and gathering. Subcultures refer to distinct cultural groups within a larger society, not to a particular subsistence strategy.